Biosteres longicaudatus Ashmead, 1905. Proc. US National Mus. 28: 290. Original description.
Diachasmimorpha comperei Viereck, 1913. Proc. US National Mus. 44: 641; synonymized by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983). Type species of Diachasmimorpha.
Biosteres compensans Silvestri, 1916. Boll. Lab. Zool. Gen. Agr. Portici 11: 168-169; treated as a subspecies of longicaudatus by Fischer (1963) and as a synonym by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983).
Biosteres formosanus Fullaway, 1926. Proc. Hawaii. Ent. Soc. 6: 283-284; treated as a variety of longicaudata by Fischer (1971) and as a synonym by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983).
Opius longicaudatus v. chocki Fullaway, 1953. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 55: 310-311; proposed as a variety of longicaudata by Fullaway, treated as a synonym by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983).
Opius longicaudatus v. novocaledonicus Fullaway, 1953. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 55: 311-312; proposed as a variety of longicaudata by Fullaway, treated as a synonym by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983).
Opius longicaudatus v. malaiaensis Fullaway, 1953. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 55: 312-313; proposed as a variety of longicaudata by Fullaway, treated as a synonym by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983).
Opius longicaudatus v. taiensis Fullaway, 1953. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 55: 313-314; proposed as a variety of longicaudata by Fullaway; treated as a subspecies of longicaudatus by Fischer (1963, 1987); treated as a synonym by Wharton and Gilstrap (1983).
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905)
Superparasitism was examined in detail by Lawrence (1988a, 1988b, 1988c) using Anastrepha suspensa as host, and under mass rearing conditions by Gonzalez et al. (2007) using Anastrepha ludens (Loew) as host.
Relationships between ovipositor length, fruit morphology, and host location: Sivinski (1991); Sivinski et al. (2001); Sivinski and Aluja (2001).
Spatial and temporal distribution (New World): Sivinski et al. (1997); Sivinski et al. (1998); Sivinski et al. (1999); Sivinski et al. (2000).
Viruses in combating host immune system: (Lawrence 2002; Khoo and Lawrence 2002; Lawrence 2005; Hashimoto and Lawrence 2005; Lawrence and Matos 2005) and associated host/parasitoid developmental interactions (Lawrence 1982; Lawrence 1986; Lawrence 1990; Lawrence and Lanzrein 1993).
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is one of the most intensively studied species used in the biological control of Tephritidae. Some of the additional publications on this species are: Nishida and Haramoto (1953) (encapsulation by Bactrocera cucurbitae); Greany et al. (1976) (life history); Lawrence et al. 1976) (effect of host age); Greany et al. (1977) (chemically mediated host finding); Greany et al. (1977) (ovipositor sense organs); Liaropoulos et al. (1977) (experimental development on olive fly); Nasca and Rodriguez (1978) (multiple parasitism in lab reared cultures with chalcidoids); Lawrence (1981) (host vibration cues); Leyva-Vasquez et al. (1988) (more host location cues); Rodrogues-Valverde et al. (1989) (still more host location cues); Linares-Portillo et al. (1989) (lab production); Sivinski and Webb (1989) (acoustic signals during courtship); Sivinski et al. (1998) (phenology, Florida); Aluja et al. (1998) (diapause); Chinajariyawong et al. (2000) (long list of native hosts in SE Asia); Eben et al. (2000) (host effects on performance); Duan and Messing (2000) (more substrate and vibration cues); Monotya et al. (2000) (functional response and superparasitism); Sivinski et al. (2001) and Sivinski and Aluja (2001) (ovipositor length relative to host finding); Vargas et al. (2002) (comparative demography); Freire (2005) (mathematical models in citrus); Carrasco et al. (2005) (response to mango volatiles); Viscarrett et al. (2006) (reared on a genetic sexing strain of medfly); Stuhl et al. (2011) (oviposition stimulus);
In Hawaii, D. longicaudata continues to play an important role in suppression of populations of Bactrocera dorsalis, the Oriental fruit fly, as well as Ceratitis capitata, the medfly (Wong et al. 1984, Wong and Ramadan 1987).
Methods for mass rearing this species for augmentative biological control have been published (Wong and Ramadan 1992), and production figures of over a million wasps per week have been achieved.
A listing of D. longicaudata introductions in the New World for biological control is provided below summarized from Ovruski et al. (2000):
Mexico—introduced in 1954-55 against Anastrepha ludens, A. obliqua; specimens recovered, established (Jimenez-Jimenez 1956); subsequent successful suppression using augmentative releases in Chiapas (Montoya et al. 2000).
Costa Rica—introduced in 1955 against Ceratitis capitata; specimens recovered, established (Wharton and Gilstrap 1983, Wharton et al. 1981).
Nicaragua—introduced in 1958 against Anastrepha spp., C. capitata; specimens recovered, established (Vaughan 1992).
Argentina—introduced in 1961, 1977, 1986 against C. capitata, A. fraterculus; specimens recovered, established (Ovruski 1995, Turica 1968, Vaughan 1992, Ovruski et al. 2003), Schliserman et al. 2003.
Bolivia—introduced in 1969 against C. capitata, Anastrepha spp. (Bascope 1994, Hentze et al. 1993, Pruett 1996).
Panama—introduced in 1971 against Anastrepha spp., C. capitata (Wharton et al. 1981).
El Salvador—introduced in 1971 against Anastrepha spp., C. capitata; specimens recovered, established (Ovruski et al. 1996, Rivera 1977, Wharton et al. 1981).
Florida, USA—introduced in 1972 against A. suspensa; specimens recovered, established (Baranowski et al. 1993); augmentatively released to suppress populations in the 1990s (Sivinski et al. 1996, Burns et al. 1996).
Trinidad—introduced in 1974 against Anastrepha spp.; specimens recovered, established (Bennett et al. 1977).
Guatemala—introduced in 1984 against C. capitata; specimens recovered, established (Eskafi 1990).
Brazil—introduced in 1994 against A. fraterculus; specimens recovered, established (Carvalho et al. 1995, Carvalho 1997). Later introduced to Minas Gerais (Alvarenga et al. 2005).
Spain—Jimenez and Castillo (1992).
Thailand—small scale field trials (Petcharat 1997, Petcharat 1997).
Taiwan—small scale field releases (Yao 1989).
There are no specimens currently determined for this OTU, or those specimens determined for this OTU are not yet mappable.