Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck, 1911)

Taxonomic History / Nomenclature
Doryctobracon conjungens Enderlein, 1920, the type species of Doryctobracon, is a junior subjective synonym of Doryctobracon crawfordi (Wharton and Marsh 1978).

Some of the information on this species was published under the generic names Opius, Diachasma, and Parachasma.

Remarks
Doryctobracon crawfordi has been reared from many host fruits and (together with Doryctobracon areolatus) is one of the two most commonly encountered species of Doryctobracon in general surveys of fruit-infesting flies of the Neotropics.

For additional information, see the Opiinae and Doryctobracon pages.

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1. D. crawfordi face: ant...
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2. D. crawfordi labrum: anterior...
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3. D. crawfordi habitus: lateral...
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4. D. crawfordi head: l...
 
Diagnosis and Relationships
This species is not readily separated from Doryctobracon trinidadensis (see Doryctobracon genus page).
Description
This is a large, orange species with a dark head.
Distribution
Originally described from Costa Rica (Enderlein 1920). Doryctobracon crawfordi occurs from northern Mexico to Bolivia, but not yet recorded from every country in the middle of its range. Also not recorded from the Caribbean islands Wharton and Marsh (1978). Ovruski et al. (2000) provide a good review of host and distribution data and is a good source for additional literature.

Unsuccessful efforts have been made to introduce this species to Hawaii, Florida, Puerto Rico, and elsewhere.

Distribution
Native
Nuevo León (Eitam, A. 1998.)
Introduced
Biology / Hosts
Reared from several native species of Anastrepha, including A. ludens (Loew) and A. striata Schiner as well as the introduced pest Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Detailed biologies have been published on this species, as well as numerous host records. There are host records from C. capitata from Guatemala (Eskafi 1990) and Venezuela (Katiyar et al. 1995).
Biology and Behavior
The earliest descriptions of larvae and adults, as well as rearing techniques, can be found in Keilin and Picado (1913, 1920). Darby and Kapp (1934) give information on affects of temperature and humidity on development of D. crawfordi and its host Anastrepha ludens. Baker et al. (1944) provide a summary and interpretation of previous biological data (including previously unpublished observations).

Spatial and temporal distribution: Sivinski et al. (1997); Sivinski et al. (1998); Sivinski et al. (1999); Sivinski et al. (2000).

Relationships between ovipositor length, fruit morphology, and host location: Sivinski et al. (2001); Sivinski and Aluja (2001).

Map

There are no specimens currently determined for this OTU, or those specimens determined for this OTU are not yet mappable.