Handbook of Nearctic Chalcidoidea

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Tarsi 3-segmented; setae on wings often arranged in rows; stigmal vein usually elongate; antennae short and with few funicular segments recognizable, male with elongate antennal “setae.”

Tarsi 4 or 5-segmented; setae on wings mostly absent, evenly covering wings, or with only a few bare spots or rows present; stigmal vein short and not noticeably divergent from wing margin; antennae variable, but usually with recognizable funicle segments (if not, than with large undivided club).